NOAA Ship MILLER FREEMAN
Cruise No: MF00-11
FOCI No: 8MF00
Applicability:
These instructions, with "FOCI Standard Operating Instructions for NOAA Ship MILLER FREEMAN" present complete information for this cruise.Area:
Western Gulf of Alaska (between Shumagin Islands and Kodiak Island)Itinerary:
Depart 2 September 2000 from KodiakParticipating organizations:
Arrive 20 September 2000 to Kodiak
NOAA - Alaska Fisheries Science Center (AFSC)CRUISE DESCRIPTION:
NOAA - Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL)
Fisheries-Oceanography Coordinated Investigations (FOCI) is an effort by NOAA and associated academic scientists. At present, FOCI consists of a Shelikof Strait (western Gulf of Alaska) walleye pollock project, and a NOAA Coastal Ocean Program project: Southeast Bering Sea Carrying Capacity. FOCI also supports associated projects, such as the Arctic Research Initiative, U.S. GLOBEC, NSF Inner Front Study, and North Pacific Marine Research Program, that address scientific issues related to FOCI's. FOCI's goal is to understand the effects of abiotic and biotic variability on ecosystems of the North Pacific Ocean and Bering Sea in order to discern the physical and biological processes that determine recruitment variability of commercially valuable finfish and shellfish stocks in Alaskan waters.CRUISE OBJECTIVES:
The late-summer FOCI cruise is designed to address biological and methodological questions regarding age-0 walleye pollock in the western Gulf of Alaska. The primary cruise objective is to collect data on age-0 pollock and their environment in the area between Shelikof Strait and the Shumagin Islands, from nearshore to the outer shelf. The variables to be measured include fish density, size (length and length-specific weight), growth (large size at age, and rapid otolith growth), and feeding (gut content). Environmental variables to be measured include water depth, temperature, salinity, and zooplankton density. Many juvenile pollock, spawned in Shelikof Strait, are carried to the area of interest by the prevailing current. Complex topography in this area creates a habitat mosaic that probably affects pollock nursery suitability and may lead to accumulations of fish in favorable areas. This is relevant to FOCI’s goal because accumulation of age-0 pollock in favorable areas may be an important factor in subsequent recruitment to the GOA stock. The Chirikof Island area is of particular interest because the abundance of yearling pollock in that area during the spring is a proven indicator of year-class strength.1.0. PERSONNELA second cruise objective is to determine the effect of day versus night sampling on estimates of age-0 density and size composition. Trawl catches may be highest at night after tight aggregations of fish, found near bottom during the day, disperse to feed in the upper water column and become more vulnerable to mid-water gear; in addition to vertical position, light-related net avoidance and diel aggregation patterns are considerations. Acoustic estimates of age-0 density might also be highest at night when individuals are off bottom and dispersed thereby minimizing acoustic shadowing. Nighttime dispersal of fish may provide better target strength data by reducing the noise threshold effect and multiple-target detection; target strengths are important because they indicate sound scatterer size (target strengths for age-0 pollock 4.5-10.0 cm are reasonably well predicted by TS (dB) =20log(L)-66). Acoustic data collected during this cruise may be useful for studying fine scale horizontal and vertical distributions of age-0 pollock (38 kHz) and their prey (120 kHz, 1-m Tucker trawl).
Tertiary objectives that will be added as time permits include (1) CTD sampling along Line 8, (2) sampling with the anchovy trawl along east Kodiak Island, and (3) sampling with the Sameoto neuston net off southeast Kodiak Island. Stations associated with these activities are included in Figure 1 and Table 3.
1.1. Chief Scientist:
Matt Wilson, M/AFSC1.2 Participating Scientists:
206-526-6522
Matt.Wilson@NOAA.govThe Chief Scientist has the authority to revise or alter the technical portion of the instructions as work progresses provided that, after consultation with the Commanding Officer, it is ascertained that the proposed changes will not: (1) jeopardize the safety of personnel or the ship; (2) exceed the overall time allotted for the project; (3) result in undue additional expenses; (4) alter the general intent of these project instructions.
Morgan Busby, M/AFSC1.3 NOAA Marine Operations Center, Pacific Contact:
Rachel Cartwright, F/AFSC
Jay Clark M/AFSC
Frank Morado M/AFSC
Steve Porter M/AFSC
Bill Rugen M/AFSC
Janet Duffy-Anderson F/JISAO
Sonia Hamilton F/PMEL
Larry Mordock1.4 Program Contacts:
NOAA/MOP (MOP1x4)
1801 Fairview Ave. East
Seattle, WA 98102-3767
(206) 553 - 4764
Larry.Mordock@noaa.gov
Dr. Phyllis Stabeno2.0. OPERATIONS
PMEL
7600 Sand Point Way NE
Seattle, WA 98115-6349
(206) 526-6453
Phyllis.Stabeno@noaa.govDr. Art Kendall
AFSC
7600 Sand Point Way NE
Seattle, WA 98115-6349
(206) 526-4108
Art.Kendall@noaa.gov
A standard oceanographic watch will be utilized which consists of a winch operator, a scientific staff of four and a Survey Tech on deck. Because this cruise involves much fishing with otter trawls, a fishing crew will also be necessary. Operations will be conducted 24 hours a day.2.1. SUMMARY OF ACTIVITIES:
This study will focus mainly on a grid of stations over the shelf and nearshore areas between Kodiak and the Shumagin Islands (Figure 1). About 760 nmi of acoustic tracklines (plus 150 nmi between lines) and 43 trawl stations will be occupied. Some modification of station location may be needed to avoid unnavigable areas. Sampling will commence at the southern-most station on Line 1, approximately 1.25 d from Kodiak. Enroute to the study area, a CTD cast will be conducted to calibrate the Sea-Cat, micro-bathythermographs (MBT), and Scanmar (or NetMind) depth sensor. A couple more calibrations will be conducted while sampling the main station grid. Nighttime sampling at all stations and acoustic transects will be used to address the primary cruise objective; the secondary objective will be addressed by comparing nighttime samples with daytime samples collected at as many stations and transect segments as possible.2.2 PROCEDURES FOR OPERATIONS:Night or day, the same procedure will be used to sample with nets at each grid station. The first operation at each station will always be to collect a plankton sample. This will be accomplished with a 1-m Tucker trawl to provide additional information on the vertical distribution of plankters. The second operation at each station will be to collect age-0 pollock with double oblique tows (surface to near bottom to surface) of the anchovy trawl. Night or day, acoustic data will be collected at each station and while underway. Backscatter and target strength data will be collected with the MACE group’s EK-500 echo sounder (38 and 120 kHz) continuously for the cruise duration, including the transits between Kodiak and the study area. Continuous monitoring of the acoustic system will require the dedication of one person per shift. Each of the nine transects will be run at 12 kts. Slower speed may be necessary for safe navigation near shallows. Most transects are 15 nmi apart and each varies in length from about 60 to 90 nmi long. Depth-targeted fishing (Tucker and trawl) may be requested at places other than the predetermined stations to improve the utility of the acoustic data. Two anchovy and two high-opening shrimp trawls (61’ headrope and footrope) will be available for targeted fishing in midwater and on bottom, respectively. Both trawls are fished with 5x7’ steel-V doors, and both will have 1/8" (3mm) codend liners.
A gear comparison experiment will be conducted at night consisting of five Methot tows at five different grid stations where at least 1,000 age-0 pollock are collected in the anchovy trawl. Age-0 pollock density and size estimates will be compared. Each net will be fished obliquely (surface-bottom-surface). Methot net depth will be monitored with Scanmar (real time, no data record) and a micro-bathythermograph (MBT, data record).
The following operations will be conducted on this cruise. Supplementary instructions for these operations are listed in the FOCI Standard Operating Instructions (SOI):3.0. FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENTCTD/Water samples (SOI 2.2.1)
MARMAP bongo tow (SOI 2.2.2)
Methot trawl (SOI 2.2.7)
Midwater trawl (SOI 2.2.8)
Tucker trawl (SOI 2.2.9)
EK500 monitoring (SOI 2.2.12)The Tucker trawl will be fished obliquely from 200 m or 10 m off bottom, whichever is shallowest, to the surface. Real time depth of the trawl will be determined using the Sea-Cat, which will also be used to record temperature and salinity profiles. A codend may be put on the drogue to provide a quantitative sample of the zooplankton from the surface to near bottom with a 505-um mesh net. Nets 1 and 2 will be 333-um mesh. Net 1 will be fished from the maximum depth to the lower edge of the thermocline as determined during the downcast; if no thermocline, Net 1 will be closed at 40 m from the surface. Net 2 will be fished to the surface. Adding the catch in Net 1 and 2 will provide a quantitative estimate of zooplankton from the surface to near bottom. Except for large jellyfish, the entire catch will be preserved in 5% formalin, large jellyfish will be counted, weighed (as a group) and discarded. A second Tucker trawl will be aboard as backup.
The anchovy trawl will be fished obliquely from 200 m or 10 m off bottom, whichever is shallowest, to the surface. This allows station-to-station comparison without the additional complication of depth-targeted sampling. The remainder of this paragraph details how the catch is to be processed. Age-0 pollock are the highest priority for catch processing but data on other taxa will also be collected. Invertebrates will be sorted to broad taxonomic categories: jellyfish (count and weigh), invertebrate plankton (weigh and note approximate percentage of the volume occupied by dominant constituents (eg., 75% euphausiid, 20% amphipod, 5% pteropod)), and shrimps (count and weigh). Non-gadid fishes will be sorted to the lowest taxonomic level that is easily possible. Cottids, agonids, salmonids, and myctophids need no further identification. Smelts and flatfishes must all be to species except for northern and southern rocksole, which can be grouped as rocksole, and arrowtooth flounder, Kamchatka flounder, and Greenland turbot, which can be grouped as AKG complex. All individuals of each group must be weighed. Individuals within each group must also be counted and their lengths measured, this may be accomplished by taking a representative subsample. Gadid fishes must be counted and weighed by species. It may be necessary to treat juvenile individuals of a species separate from the adults. All individuals, or a representative subsample, of each group must be lengthed. For age-0 pollock, about 200 fish is the desired number of fish to measure. High priority is placed on getting two randomly selected subsamples of age-0 pollock preserved as quickly as possible after the catch has been dumped onto the sorting table. One subsample of about 50 fish is to be frozen (-20o F, slime lab freezer) (length-weight, otolith), the other will be preserved in 10% formalin (individuals larger than about 60 mm SL must have the body cavity carefully punctured — DO NOT PIERCE THE GUT) (length-weight, diet). Five individuals within each subsample will be selected by relative size, and placed on ice while their individual length and weight is measured (shrinkage control). The number of fish comprising each subsample must be accurately recorded (eg., 49 fish froz.; 63 fish form.). If fewer than 100 fish are collected, freeze up to 50, and preserve the remainder in formalin.
The EK-500 (38 and 120 kHz) acoustic system will be continuously monitored in the study area as well as enroute to and from the area. Markers will be placed on the echograms and in the acoustic data using the Bergen Integrator, and entered in the EK-500 logbook (eg., Start transect, Break transect (at station #, or transit to next transect), Begin net tow (Tucker, =surface; Trawl, =doors away), At depth, End net tow (Tucker, =surface; Trawl, =doors back), Resume transect). The echo sounder will not be calibrated during this cruise, but a calibration will be done just prior to it. As mentioned previously, depth-targeted fishing (plankton and trawl gear) may be requested at places other than the predetermined stations to improve the utility of the acoustic data.
The following systems and their associated support services are essential to the cruise. Sufficient consumables, back-up units, and on-site spares and technical support must be in place to assure that operational interruptions are minimal. All measurement instruments are expected to have current calibrations, and all pertinent calibration information shall be included in the data package. Much of the equipment to be provided by the project was loaded aboard for previous cruises. Some gear, including the two shrimp trawls and Scanmar equipment, will be loaded in Dutch Harbor on August 3 by ship personnel. The remaining gear (including two anchovy trawls, 5x7 doors, Tucker trawl, Sameoto neuston net, jars) will be shipped from Seattle on August 17 and loaded in Kodiak on September 1 or 2.3.1 Equipment and Capabilities to be Provided by the Ship
Biological Samplers
Otter trawls
Bookkeeping
Software
The ship's Scientific Computer System (SCS) shall operate throughout the cruise, acquiring and logging data from navigation, meteorological, oceanographic, and fisheries sensors. See FOCI Standard Operating Instructions for specific requirements. Need 1 min averaged time, position, T, S, water depth, and insolation in ASCII format.4.0 DATA AND REPORTS
Data disposition, responsibilities and data requirements are listed in the FOCI Standard Operating Instructions.5.0 ADDITIONAL INVESTIGATIONS AND PROJECTS
5.3 Piggyback projects:
None at this time.6.0 MISCELLANEOUS
6.5. Hazardous Materials:
The Chief Scientist shall be responsible for complying with NC Instruction 6280A, Hazardous Waste; policy, guidance, and training, dated February 4, 1991, paragraph 7.g and paragraph 9. By federal law, the ship may not sail without a complete inventory of MSDS, and appropriate neutralizing agents, buffers, and/or absorbents in amounts adequate to address spills of a size equal to the amount aboard.7.0 COMMUNICATIONSThe following hazardous materials will be provided and controlled by the scientists with the Chief Scientist assuming responsibility for the safe handling of such substances:
5 gallons of 37% Formalin
7.4 Important phone numbers, fax numbers and e-mail addresses:
PMEL/CARD Fax: (206) 526-64858.0. APPENDICES
PMEL/ADMIN Fax: (206) 526-6815
AFSC/RACE Fax: (206) 526-6723MILLER FREEMAN COMSAT (government account numbers): These are much cheaper than Inmarsat direct numbers and should always be used first.
800-678-0872, after voice prompt dial 330-394-113, after tone dial customer ID# (Voice)Inmarsat (direct numbers)
800-678-0872, after voice prompt dial 761-267-348, after tone dial customer ID# (Fax)
PIs should establish their ID#s with their program.011-872-330-394-113 (voice)CELLULAR: 206-660-7167
011-872-761-267-348 (fax)KODIAK ROAMER: 907-528-7626PMEL person: LastName@pmel.noaa.gov OR FirstName.LastName@noaa.gov
DUTCH HARBOR ROAMER: 907-391-7626
(First dial the roamer, wait for dial tone, and then dial cellular number.)
AFSC person: FirstName.LastName@noaa.gov
PMC radio room: Radio.Room@noaa.gov
Direct to ship: NOAA.Ship.MILLER.FREEMAN@noaa.gov (include the person’s name in the subject field)
Table 1. Grid transect locations for Miller Freeman cruise MF00-11 (=FOCI 8MF00).
N. Latitude W. Longitude N. Latitude W. Longitude Distance Transect (dd) (mm.m) (dd) (mm.m) (dd.d) (dd.d) (nmi) Sampling 1south 54 41.0 158 3.2 54.683 158.053 80 EK-500 38 & 120 kHz 1north 55 44.4 159 28.6 55.740 159.477 EK-500 38 & 120 kHz 2s 54 49.9 157 40.1 54.832 157.668 80 EK-500 38 & 120 kHz 2n 55 51.4 159 1.4 55.857 159.023 EK-500 38 & 120 kHz 3s 54 58.1 157 16.2 54.968 157.270 76 EK-500 38 & 120 kHz 3n 55 56.0 158 36.1 55.933 158.602 EK-500 38 & 120 kHz 4s 55 6.1 156 53.8 55.102 156.897 77 EK-500 38 & 120 kHz 4n 56 7.0 158 17.2 56.117 158.287 EK-500 38 & 120 kHz 5s 55 13.1 156 29.0 55.218 156.483 92 EK-500 38 & 120 kHz 5n 56 26.4 158 8.4 56.440 158.140 EK-500 38 & 120 kHz 6s 55 23.2 156 6.4 55.387 156.107 92 EK-500 38 & 120 kHz 6n 56 36.4 157 48.4 56.607 157.807 EK-500 38 & 120 kHz 7s 55 30.0 155 51.5 55.500 155.858 35 EK-500 38 & 120 kHz 7n 55 58.2 156 30.3 55.970 156.505 25 EK-500 38 & 120 kHz 8s 55 47.3 155 49.5 55.788 155.825 78 EK-500 38 & 120 kHz 8n 56 44.7 157 16.4 56.745 157.273 EK-500 38 & 120 kHz 9s 56 3.6 155 38.7 56.060 155.645 64 EK-500 38 & 120 kHz 9n 56 53.7 156 53.6 56.895 156.893 EK-500 38 & 120 kHz 10s 56 13.2 155 17.1 56.220 155.285 60 EK-500 38 & 120 kHz 10n 57 0.4 156 23.9 57.007 156.398 EK-500 38 & 120 kHz 759 Table 2. Grid station locations for Miller Freeman cruise MF00-11 (=FOCI 8MF00).
Linear N. Latitude W. Longitude N. Latitude W. Longitude Dist. to Next Location (dd) (mm.m) (dd) (mm.m) (dd.d) (dd.d) (nmi) Sampling 1A 54 41.0 158 3.2 54.683 158.053 17 Tuck1 & ANCH 1B 54 54.4 158 20.3 54.907 158.338 22 Tuck1 & ANCH 1C 55 12.2 158 42.6 55.203 158.710 21 Tuck1 & ANCH 1D 55 28.6 159 6.3 55.477 159.105 20 Tuck1 & ANCH 1E 55 44.4 159 28.6 55.740 159.477 17 Tuck1 & ANCH 2E 55 51.4 159 1.4 55.857 159.023 16 Tuck1 & ANCH 2D 55 39.5 158 46.1 55.658 158.768 23 Tuck1 & ANCH 2C 55 22.0 158 22.3 55.367 158.372 22 Tuck1 & ANCH 2B 55 5.1 157 59.6 55.085 157.993 20 Tuck1 & ANCH 2A 54 49.9 157 40.1 54.832 157.668 17 Tuck1 & ANCH 3A 54 58.1 157 16.2 54.968 157.270 21 Tuck1 & ANCH 3B 55 14.2 157 36.8 55.237 157.613 23 Tuck1 & ANCH 3C 55 31.8 158 1.8 55.530 158.030 21 Tuck1 & ANCH 3D 55 48.7 158 24.9 55.812 158.415 9 Tuck1 & ANCH 3E 55 56.0 158 36.1 55.933 158.602 16 Tuck1 & ANCH 4E 56 7.0 158 17.2 56.117 158.287 11 Tuck1 & ANCH 4D 55 59.4 158 5.4 55.990 158.090 22 Tuck1 & ANCH 4C 55 41.8 157 42.3 55.697 157.705 25 Tuck1 & ANCH 4B 55 22.9 157 16.1 55.382 157.268 20 Tuck1 & ANCH 4A 55 6.1 156 53.8 55.102 156.897 16 Tuck1 & ANCH 5A 55 13.1 156 29.0 55.218 156.483 24 Tuck1 & ANCH 5B 55 32.2 156 53.6 55.537 156.893 25 Tuck1 & ANCH 5C 55 52.4 157 21.0 55.873 157.350 22 Tuck1 & ANCH 5D 56 9.4 157 44.5 56.157 157.742 22 Tuck1 & ANCH 5E 56 26.4 158 8.4 56.440 158.140 17 Tuck1 & ANCH 6E 56 36.4 157 48.4 56.607 157.807 23 Tuck1 & ANCH 6D 56 19.1 157 24.6 56.318 157.410 22 Tuck1 & ANCH 6C 56 1.7 157 0.5 56.028 157.008 26 Tuck1 & ANCH 6B 55 41.1 156 32.0 55.685 156.533 22 Tuck1 & ANCH 6A 55 23.2 156 6.4 55.387 156.107 26 Tuck1 & ANCH 7B 55 48.2 156 16.4 55.803 156.273 12 Tuck1 & ANCH 8B 55 55.2 156 0.2 55.920 156.003 27 Tuck1 & ANCH 8C 56 15.5 156 32.0 56.258 156.533 19 Tuck1 & ANCH 8D 56 29.5 156 53.4 56.492 156.890 21 Tuck1 & ANCH 8E 56 44.7 157 16.4 56.745 157.273 15 Tuck1 & ANCH 9E 56 53.7 156 53.6 56.895 156.893 14 Tuck1 & ANCH 9D 56 42.1 156 36.2 56.702 156.603 21 Tuck1 & ANCH 9C 56 26.2 156 10.6 56.437 156.177 29 Tuck1 & ANCH 9B 56 3.6 155 38.7 56.060 155.645 16 Tuck1 & ANCH 10B 56 13.2 155 17.1 56.220 155.285 29 Tuck1 & ANCH 10C 56 36.3 155 49.0 56.605 155.817 20 Tuck1 & ANCH 10D 56 51.6 156 11.6 56.860 156.193 11 Tuck1 & ANCH 10E 57 0.4 156 23.9 57.007 156.398 Tuck1 & ANCH Table 3. Line 8, east Kodiak and southeast Kodiak Island station locations for Miller Freeman cruise MF00-11 (=FOCI 8MF00).
N. Latitude W. Longitude N. Latitude W. Longitude Area Station (dd) (mm.m) (dd) (mm.m) (dd.d) (dd.d) Sampling Line 8 FOX61 57 43.2 155 15.6 57.720 155.260 CTD Line 8 FOX60 57 41.0 155 10.0 57.680 155.170 CTD Line 8 FOX59 57 38.5 155 4.2 57.640 155.070 CTD Line 8 FOX58 57 36.3 155 0.5 57.610 155.010 CTD Line 8 FOX57 57 33.1 154 52.5 57.550 154.880 CTD Line 8 FOX56 57 30.9 154 47.0 57.520 154.780 CTD Line 8 FOX55 57 28.5 154 42.0 57.480 154.700 CTD SE Kodiak hl165 56 4.8 154 33.4 56.080 154.556 Neuston SE Kodiak hl169 56 19.3 154 8.6 56.322 154.143 Neuston E Kodiak hl175 56 41.1 153 31.2 56.685 153.520 Anchovy E Kodiak hl179 56 55.6 153 6.0 56.927 153.100 Anchovy E Kodiak hl183 57 10.1 152 40.7 57.169 152.678 Anchovy Figure 1. Station and transect locations